Overview
What is Price Action Strategy?
Price action trading is the discipline of making trading decisions based solely on the movement of price β without the use of lagging indicators. Practitioners argue that all relevant market information is already reflected in the price, and that indicators simply repackage this information with an added delay.
The foundation is candlestick analysis: understanding what each candle β and sequences of candles β reveals about the battle between buyers and sellers. Key candlestick patterns include pin bars (rejection wicks), engulfing candles (momentum shifts), inside bars (consolidation), and doji candles (indecision). These patterns derive their significance from the context in which they appear: a pin bar at a key support level carries far more weight than one in the middle of a range.
Market structure β the sequence of swing highs and swing lows β defines the trend. In an uptrend, higher highs and higher lows form a "staircase" pattern. When this structure breaks down, it may signal a trend change. Horizontal support and resistance levels, trend lines, and channels provide the framework within which patterns are evaluated.
Pure price action strategies require no indicators beyond perhaps a volume bar and a simple moving average for trend context. This makes them robust and adaptable across markets and timeframes.